Platforms like Linux allow IPv6 sockets to listen for IPv4 connections as
well as native IPv6 connections. By doing this we halve the number of
listening sockets we need for TCP (assuming passt/pasta is listening on the
same ports for IPv4 and IPv6). When forwarding many ports (e.g. -t all)
this can significantly reduce the amount of kernel memory that passt
consumes.
When forwarding all TCP and UDP ports for both IPv4 and IPv6 (-t all
-u all), this reduces kernel memory usage from ~677MiB to ~487MiB
(kernel version 6.0.8 on Fedora 37, x86_64).
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
According to its doc comments, sock_l4() returns -1 on error. It does,
except in one case where it returns -EIO. Fix this inconsistency to match
the docs and always return -1.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
Currently, when instructed to open an IPv6 socket, sock_l4() explicitly
sets the IPV6_V6ONLY socket option so that the socket will only respond to
IPv6 connections. Linux (and probably other platforms) allow "dual stack"
sockets: IPv6 sockets which can also accept IPv4 connections.
Extend sock_l4() to be able to make such sockets, by passing AF_UNSPEC as
the address family and no bind address (binding to a specific address would
defeat the purpose). We add a Makefile define 'DUAL_STACK_SOCKETS' to
indicate availability of this feature on the target platform.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
Previous cleanups mean that tcp_sock_init4() and tcp_sock_init6() are
almost identical, and the remaining differences can be easily
parameterized. Combine both into a single tcp_sock_init_af() function.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
For non-spliced connections we now treat IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses the
same as the corresponding IPv4 addresses. However currently we won't
splice a connection from ::ffff:127.0.0.1 the way we would one from
127.0.0.1. Correct this so that we can splice connections from IPv4
localhost that have been received on an IPv6 dual stack socket.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
passt usually doesn't NAT, but it does do so for the remapping of the
gateway address to refer to the host. Currently we perform this NAT with
slightly different rules on both IPv4 addresses and IPv6 addresses, but not
on IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses. This means we won't correctly handle the
case of an IPv4 connection over an IPv6 socket, which is possible on Linux
(and probably other platforms).
Refactor tcp_conn_from_sock() to perform the NAT after converting either
address family into an inany_addr, so IPv4 and and IPv4-mapped addresses
have the same representation.
With two new helpers this lets us remove the IPv4 and IPv6 specific paths
from tcp_conn_from_sock().
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
This bit in the TCP specific epoll reference indicates whether the
connection is IPv6 or IPv4. However the sites which refer to it are
already calling accept() which (optionally) returns an address for the
remote end of the connection. We can use the sa_family field in that
address to determine the connection type independent of the epoll
reference.
This does have a cost: for the spliced case, it means we now need to get
that address from accept() which introduces an extran copy_to_user().
However, in future we want to allow handling IPv4 connectons through IPv6
sockets, which means we won't be able to determine the IP version at the
time we create the listening socket and epoll reference. So, at some point
we'll have to pay this cost anyway.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
It looks like tcp_seq_init() is supposed to advance the sequence number
by one every 32ns. However we only right shift the ns part of the timespec
not the seconds part, meaning that we'll advance by an extra 32 steps on
each second.
I don't know if that's exploitable in any way, but it doesn't appear to be
the intent, nor what RFC 6528 suggests.
In addition, we convert from seconds to nanoseconds with a multiplication
by '1E9'. In C '1E9' is a floating point constant, forcing a conversion
to floating point and back for what should be an integer calculation
(confirmed with objdump and Makefile default compiler flags). Spell out
1000000000 in full to avoid that.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
tcp_seq_init() takes a number of parameters for the connection, but at
every call site, these are already populated in the tcp_conn structure.
Likewise we always store the result into the @seq_to_tap field.
Use this to simplify tcp_seq_init().
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
tcp_seq_init() has separate paths for IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, which means
we will calculate different sequence numbers for IPv4 and equivalent
IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses.
Change it to treat these the same by always converting the input address
into an inany_addr representation and use that to calculate the sequence
number.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
tcp_hash_match() can take either an IPv4 (struct in_addr) or IPv6 (struct
in6_addr) address. It has two different paths for each of those cases.
However, its only caller has already constructed an equivalent inany
representation of the address, so we can have tcp_hash_match take that
directly and use a simpler comparison with the inany_equals() helper.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
tcp_hash_insert() takes an address to control which hash bucket the
connection will go into. However, an inany_addr representation of that
address is already stored in struct tcp_conn.
Now that we've made the hashing of IPv4 and IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses
equivalent, we can simplify tcp_hash_insert() to use the address in
struct tcp_conn, rather than taking it as an extra parameter.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
In the tcp_conn structure, we represent the address with an inany_addr
which could be an IPv4 or IPv6 address. However, we have different paths
which will calculate different hashes for IPv4 and equivalent IPv4-mapped
IPv6 addresses. This will cause problems for some future changes.
Make the hash function work the same for these two cases, by taking an
inany_addr directly. Since this represents IPv4 and IPv4-mapped IPv6
addresses the same way, it will trivially hash the same for both cases.
Callers are changed to construct an inany_addr from whatever they have.
Some of that will be elided in later changes.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
struct tcp_conn stores an address which could be IPv6 or IPv4 using a
union. We can do this without an additional tag by encoding IPv4 addresses
as IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses.
This approach is useful wider than the specific place in tcp_conn, so
expose a new 'union inany_addr' like this from a new inany.h. Along with
that create a number of helper functions to make working with these "inany"
addresses easier.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
Currently when we insert a connection into the hash table, we store its
bucket number so we can find it when removing entries. However, we can
recompute the hash value from other contents of the structure so we don't
need to store it. This brings the size of tcp_tap_conn down to 64 bytes
again, which means it will fit in a single cacheline on common machines.
This change also removes a non-obvious constraint that the hash table have
less than twice TCP_MAX_CONNS buckets, because of the way
TCP_HASH_BUCKET_BITS was constructed.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
Currently the epoll reference for tcp sockets includes a bit indicating
whether the socket maps to a spliced connection. However, the reference
also has the index of the connection structure which also indicates whether
it is spliced. We can therefore avoid the splice bit in the epoll_ref by
unifying the first part of the non-spliced and spliced handlers where we
look up the connection state.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
In pasta mode, tcp_sock_init[46]() create separate sockets to listen for
spliced connections (these are bound to localhost) and non-spliced
connections (these are bound to the host address). This introduces a
subtle behavioural difference between pasta and passt: by default, pasta
will listen only on a single host address, whereas passt will listen on
all addresses (0.0.0.0 or ::). This also prevents us using some additional
optimizations that only work with the unspecified (0.0.0.0 or ::) address.
However, it turns out we don't need to do this. We can splice a connection
if and only if it originates from the loopback address. Currently we
ensure this by having the "spliced" listening sockets listening only on
loopback. Instead, defer the decision about whether to splice a connection
until after accept(), by checking if the connection was made from the
loopback address.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
In tcp_sock_handler() we split off to handle spliced sockets before
checking anything else. However the first steps of the "new connection"
path for each case are the same: allocate a connection entry and accept()
the connection.
Remove this duplication by making tcp_conn_from_sock() handle both spliced
and non-spliced cases, with help from more specific tcp_tap_conn_from_sock
and tcp_splice_conn_from_sock functions for the later stages which differ.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
tcp_sock_init*() can create either sockets listening on the host, or in
the pasta network namespace (with @ns==1). There are, however, a number
of differences in how these two cases work in practice though. "ns"
sockets are only used in pasta mode, and they always lead to spliced
connections only. The functions are also only ever called in "ns" mode
with a NULL address and interface name, and it doesn't really make sense
for them to be called any other way.
Later changes will introduce further differences in behaviour between these
two cases, so it makes more sense to use separate functions for creating
the ns listening sockets than the regular external/host listening sockets.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
There is very little common between the tcp_tap_conn and tcp_splice_conn
structures. However, both do have an IN_EPOLL flag which has the same
meaning in each case, though it's stored in a different location.
Simplify things slightly by moving this bit into the common header of the
two structures.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
These two functions scan all the non-splced and spliced connections
respectively and perform timed updates on them. Avoid scanning the now
unified table twice, by having tcp_timer scan it once calling the
relevant per-connection function for each one.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
These two functions each step through non-spliced and spliced connections
respectively and clean up entries for closed connections. To avoid
scanning the connection table twice, we merge these into a single function
which scans the unified table and performs the appropriate sort of cleanup
action on each one.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
Currently spliced and non-spliced connections are stored in completely
separate tables, so there are completely independent limits on the number
of spliced and non-spliced connections. This is a bit counter-intuitive.
More importantly, the fact that the tables are separate prevents us from
unifying some other logic between the two cases. So, merge these two
tables into one, using the 'c.spliced' common field to distinguish between
them when necessary.
For now we keep a common limit of 128k connections, whether they're spliced
or non-spliced, which means we save memory overall. If necessary we could
increase this to a 256k or higher total, which would cost memory but give
some more flexibility.
For now, the code paths which need to step through all extant connections
are still separate for the two cases, just skipping over entries which
aren't for them. We'll improve that in later patches.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
When we compact the connection tables (both spliced and non-spliced) we
need to move entries from one slot to another. That requires some updates
in the entries themselves. Add helpers to make all the necessary updates
for the spliced and non-spliced cases. This will simplify later cleanups.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
Currently, the tables for spliced and non-spliced connections are entirely
separate, with different types in different arrays. We want to unify them.
As a first step, create a union type which can represent either a spliced
or non-spliced connection. For them to be distinguishable, the individual
types need to have a common header added, with a bit indicating which type
this structure is.
This comes at the cost of increasing the size of tcp_tap_conn to over one
(64 byte) cacheline. This isn't ideal, but it makes things simpler for now
and we'll re-optimize this later.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
Currently spliced and non-spliced connections use completely independent
tracking structures. We want to unify these, so as a preliminary step move
the definitions for both variants into a new tcp_conn.h header, shared by
tcp.c and tcp_splice.c.
This requires renaming some #defines with the same name but different
meanings between the two cases. In the process we correct some places that
are slightly out of sync between the comments and the code for various
event bit names.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
Like we already have for non-spliced connections, create a CONN_IDX()
macro for looking up the index of spliced connection structures. Change
the name of the array of spliced connections to be different from that for
non-spliced connections (even though they're in different modules). This
will make subsequent changes a bit safer.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
The macro CONN_OR_NULL() is used to look up connections by index with
bounds checking. Replace it with an inline function, which means:
- Better type checking
- No danger of multiple evaluation of an @index with side effects
Also add a helper to perform the reverse translation: from connection
pointer to index. Introduce a macro for this which will make later
cleanups easier and safer.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
Presumably it meant something in the past, but it's no longer used.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
This obvious include was omitted, which means that declarations in the
header weren't checked against definitions in the .c file. This shows up
an old declaration for a function that is now static, and a duplicate
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
clang-tools 15.0.0 appears to have added a new warning that will always
complain about assignments in if statements, which we use in a number of
places in passt/pasta. Encountered on Fedora 37 with
clang-tools-extra-15.0.0-3.fc37.x86_64.
Suppress the new warning so that we can compile and test.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
Spotted in Debian's buildd logs: on ia64, clone(2) is not available:
the glibc wrapper is named __clone2() and it takes, additionally,
the size of the stack area passed by the caller.
Add a do_clone() wrapper handling the different cases, and also
taking care of pointing the child's stack in the middle of the
allocated area: on PA-RISC (hppa), handled by clone(), the stack
grows up, and on ia64 the stack grows down, but the register backing
store grows up -- and I think it might be actually used here.
Suggested-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
...instead of doing it after the test. Now that we have pre-built
guest images, we might also have old JSON files from previous,
interrupted test runs.
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
This reverts commit 198f87835d ("tap: Return -EIO from
tap_handler_passt() on inconsistent packet stream") and commit
510dace86c ("tap: Keep stream consistent if qemu length descriptor
spans two recv() calls").
I can hit occasional failures in perf/passt_tcp tests where we seem
to be getting excess data at the end of a recv(), and for some reason
I couldn't figure out yet, if we just ignore it, subsequent recv()
calls from qemu return correct data. If we close the connection, qemu
can't talk to us anymore, of course.
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
If stderr is closed, after we fork to background, glibc's
implementation of perror() will try to re-open it by calling dup(),
upon which the seccomp filter causes the process to terminate,
because dup() is not included in the list of allowed syscalls.
Replace perror() calls that might happen after isolation_postfork().
We could probably replace all of them, but early ones need a bit more
attention as we have to check whether log.c functions work in early
stages.
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
The development of the Debian package is now at:
https://salsa.debian.org/sbrivio/passt
Drop contrib/debian, it's finally obsolete.
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
AppArmor resolves executable links before profile attachment rules
are evaluated, so, as long as pasta is installed as a link to passt,
there's no way to differentiate the two cases. Merge the two profiles
and leave a TODO note behind, explaining two possible ways forward.
Update the rules so that passt and pasta are actually usable, once
the profile is installed. Most required changes are related to
isolation and sandboxing features.
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
The AUDIT_ARCH defines in seccomp.h corresponding to HPPA are
AUDIT_ARCH_PARISC and AUDIT_ARCH_PARISC64.
Build error spotted in Debian's buildd log on
phantom.physik.fu-berlin.de.
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
On mips64el, gcc -dumpmachine correctly reports mips64el as
architecture prefix, but for some reason seccomp.h defines
AUDIT_ARCH_MIPSEL64 and not AUDIT_ARCH_MIPS64EL. Mangle AUDIT_ARCH
accordingly.
Build error spotted in Debian's buildd logs from Loongson build.
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Drop it from the internal FLAGS variable, but honour -O2 if passed in
CFLAGS. In Debian packages, dpkg-buildflags uses it as hardening
flag, and we get a QA warning if we drop it:
https://qa.debian.org/bls/bytag/W-dpkg-buildflags-missing.html
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
CPPFLAGS allow the user to pass pre-processor flags. This is unlikely
to be needed at the moment, but the Debian Hardening Walkthrough
reasonably requests it to be handled in order to fully support
hardened build flags:
https://wiki.debian.org/HardeningWalkthrough#Handling_dpkg-buildflags_in_your_upstream_build_system
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Given that we use just the first valid DNS resolver address
configured, or read from resolv.conf(5) on the host, to forward DNS
queries to, in case --dns-forward is used, we don't need to duplicate
dns[] to dns_send[]:
- rename dns_send[] back to dns[]: those are the resolvers we
advertise to the guest/container
- for forwarding purposes, instead of dns[], use a single field (for
each protocol version): dns_host
- and rename dns_fwd to dns_match, so that it's clear this is the
address we are matching DNS queries against, to decide if they need
to be forwarded
Suggested-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
If we disable a given IP version automatically (no corresponding
default route on host) or administratively (--ipv4-only or
--ipv6-only options), we don't initialise related buffers and
services (DHCP for IPv4, NDP and DHCPv6 for IPv6). The "tap"
handlers will also ignore packets with a disabled IP version.
However, in commit 3c6ae62510 ("conf, tcp, udp: Allow address
specification for forwarded ports") I happily changed socket
initialisation functions to take AF_UNSPEC meaning "any enabled
IP version", but I forgot to add checks back for the "enabled"
part.
Reported by Paul: on a host without default IPv6 route, but IPv6
enabled, connect, using IPv6, to a port handled by pasta, which
tries to send data to a tap device without initialised buffers
for that IP version and exits because the resulting write() fails.
Simpler way to reproduce: pasta -6 and inbound IPv4 connection, or
pasta -4 and inbound IPv6 connection.
Reported-by: Paul Holzinger <pholzing@redhat.com>
Fixes: 3c6ae62510 ("conf, tcp, udp: Allow address specification for forwarded ports")
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
...so that we avoid printing some lines twice because log-level is
still set to LOG_EMERG, as if logging configuration didn't happen
yet.
While at it, note that logging to stderr doesn't really depend on
whether debug mode is enabled or not.
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
